Kernel Extension Activity

kernel_extension (1002)

Kernel Extension events report when a driver/extension is loaded or unloaded into the kernel

Contents

Attributes

Caption Name Type Is Array Default Description
Action action String The normalized caption of action_id.
Action ID action_id Integer The action taken by a control or other policy-based system leading to an outcome or disposition. Dispositions conform to an action of 1 'Allowed' or 2 'Denied' in most cases. Note that 99 'Other' is not an option. No action would equate to 1 'Allowed'. An unknown action may still correspond to a known disposition. Refer to disposition_id for the outcome of the action.
0
Unknown
1
Allowed
2
Denied
99
Other
Activity ID activity_id Integer The normalized identifier of the activity that triggered the event.
0
Unknown
1
Load
2
Unload
99
Other
Activity activity_name String The event activity name, as defined by the activity_id.
Actor actor Actor The actor process that loaded or unloaded the driver/extension.
API Details api API Describes details about a typical API (Application Programming Interface) call.
MITRE ATT&CK® Details attacks MITRE ATT&CK® An array of MITRE ATT&CK® objects describing the tactics, techniques & sub-techniques identified by a security control or finding.
Authorization Information authorizations Authorization Result Provides details about an authorization, such as authorization outcome, and any associated policies related to the activity/event.
Category category_name String The event category name, as defined by category_uid value.
Category ID category_uid Integer The category unique identifier of the event.
1
System Activity
Class class_name String The event class name, as defined by class_uid value.
Class ID class_uid Integer The unique identifier of a class. A class describes the attributes available in an event.
1002
Kernel Extension Activity
Cloud cloud Cloud Describes details about the Cloud environment where the event was originally created or logged.
Confidence confidence Integer The confidence of the reported event severity as a percentage: 0%-100%.

Deprecated since 1.1.0: Deprecated in upgrade from ocsf-0.31.1 to qdm-1.1.0

Count count Integer 1 The number of times that events in the same logical group occurred during the event Start Time to End Time period.
Data data JSON Additional data that is associated with the event.

Deprecated since 1.1.0: Deprecated in upgrade from ocsf-0.31.1 to qdm-1.1.0

Device device Device An addressable device, computer system or host.
Disposition disposition String The disposition name, normalized to the caption of the disposition_id value. In the case of 'Other', it is defined by the event source.
Disposition ID disposition_id Integer Describes the outcome or action taken by a security control, such as access control checks, malware detections or various types of policy violations.
0
Unknown
1
Allowed
2
Blocked
3
Quarantined
4
Isolated
5
Deleted
6
Dropped
7
Custom Action
8
Approved
9
Restored
10
Exonerated
11
Corrected
12
Partially Corrected
13
Uncorrected
14
Delayed
15
Detected
16
No Action
17
Logged
18
Tagged
19
Alert
20
Count
21
Reset
22
Captcha
23
Challenge
24
Access Revoked
25
Rejected
26
Unauthorized
27
Error
99
Other
Kernel Driver driver Kernel Extension The driver that was loaded/unloaded into the kernel
Duration duration Long The event duration or aggregate time, the amount of time the event covers from start_time to end_time in milliseconds.
End Time end_time Timestamp The end time of a time period, or the time of the most recent event included in the aggregate event.
Enrichments enrichments Enrichment The additional information from an external data source, which is associated with the event or a finding. For example add location information for the IP address in the DNS answers:

[{"name": "answers.ip", "value": "92.24.47.250", "type": "location", "data": {"city": "Socotra", "continent": "Asia", "coordinates": [-25.4153, 17.0743], "country": "YE", "desc": "Yemen"}}]
Firewall Rule firewall_rule Firewall Rule The firewall rule that triggered the event.
Malware malware Malware A list of Malware objects, describing details about the identified malware.
Message message String The description of the event/finding, as defined by the source.
Metadata metadata Metadata The metadata associated with the event or a finding.
Observables observables Observable The observables associated with the event or a finding.
OSINT osint OSINT The OSINT (Open Source Intelligence) object contains details related to an indicator such as the indicator itself, related indicators, geolocation, registrar information, subdomains, analyst commentary, and other contextual information. This information can be used to further enrich a detection or finding by providing decisioning support to other analysts and engineers.
Raw Data raw_data JSON The event data as received from the event source.
Record ID record_id String Unique idenifier for the event
Severity severity String The event/finding severity, normalized to the caption of the severity_id value. In the case of 'Other', it is defined by the source.
Severity ID severity_id Integer

The normalized identifier of the event/finding severity.

The normalized severity is a measurement the effort and expense required to manage and resolve an event or incident. Smaller numerical values represent lower impact events, and larger numerical values represent higher impact events.
0
Unknown
1
Informational
2
Low
3
Medium
4
High
5
Critical
6
Fatal
99
Other
Start Time start_time Timestamp The start time of a time period, or the time of the least recent event included in the aggregate event.
Status status String The event status, normalized to the caption of the status_id value. In the case of 'Other', it is defined by the event source.
Status Code status_code String The event status code, as reported by the event source.

For example, in a Windows Failed Authentication event, this would be the value of 'Failure Code', e.g. 0x18.
Status Details status_detail String The status detail contains additional information about the event/finding outcome.
Status ID status_id Integer The normalized identifier of the event status.
0
Unknown
1
Success
2
Failure
99
Other
Event Time time Timestamp The normalized event occurrence time or the finding creation time.
Timezone Offset timezone_offset Integer The number of minutes that the reported event time is ahead or behind UTC, in the range -1,080 to +1,080.
Type Name type_name String The event/finding type name, as defined by the type_uid.
Type ID type_uid Long The event/finding type ID. It identifies the event's semantics and structure. The value is calculated by the logging system as: class_uid * 100 + activity_id.
100200
Kernel Extension Activity: Unknown
100201
Kernel Extension Activity: Load
100202
Kernel Extension Activity: Unload
100299
Kernel Extension Activity: Other
Unmapped Data unmapped Unmapped The attributes that are not mapped to the event schema. The names and values of those attributes are specific to the event source.

Context

Kernel Extension Activity

JSON

            
{
  "caption": "Kernel Extension Activity",
  "uid": 2,
  "name": "kernel_extension",
  "extends": "system",
  "description": "Kernel Extension events report when a driver/extension is loaded or unloaded into the kernel",
  "attributes": {
    "activity_id": {
      "enum": {
        "1": {
          "caption": "Load",
          "description": "A driver/extension was loaded into the kernel"
        },
        "2": {
          "caption": "Unload",
          "description": "A driver/extension was unloaded (removed) from the kernel"
        },
        "0": {
          "caption": "Unknown",
          "description": "The event activity is unknown."
        },
        "99": {
          "caption": "Other",
          "description": "The event activity is not mapped. See the <code>activity_name</code> attribute, which contains a data source specific value."
        }
      },
      "requirement": "required",
      "caption": "Activity ID",
      "description": "The normalized identifier of the activity that triggered the event.",
      "sibling": "activity_name",
      "type": "integer_t"
    },
    "actor": {
      "description": "The actor process that loaded or unloaded the driver/extension.",
      "requirement": "required",
      "group": "primary",
      "caption": "Actor",
      "type": "actor"
    },
    "driver": {
      "group": "primary",
      "requirement": "required",
      "caption": "Kernel Driver",
      "description": "The driver that was loaded/unloaded into the kernel",
      "type": "kernel_driver"
    },
    "$include": [
      "profiles/security_control.json"
    ],
    "device": {
      "group": "primary",
      "requirement": "recommended",
      "caption": "Device",
      "description": "An addressable device, computer system or host.",
      "type": "device"
    },
    "action": {
      "caption": "Action",
      "description": "The normalized caption of <code>action_id</code>.",
      "requirement": "optional",
      "type": "string_t"
    },
    "action_id": {
      "caption": "Action ID",
      "description": "The action taken by a control or other policy-based system leading to an outcome or disposition. Dispositions conform to an action of <code>1</code> 'Allowed' or <code>2</code> 'Denied' in most cases. Note that <code>99</code> 'Other' is not an option. No action would equate to <code>1</code> 'Allowed'. An unknown action may still correspond to a known disposition. Refer to <code>disposition_id</code> for the outcome of the action.",
      "enum": {
        "0": {
          "caption": "Unknown",
          "description": "The action was unknown. The <code>disposition_id</code> attribute may still be set to a non-unknown value, for example 'Count', 'Uncorrected', 'Isolated', 'Quarantined' or 'Exonerated'."
        },
        "1": {
          "caption": "Allowed",
          "description": "The activity was allowed. The <code>disposition_id</code> attribute should be set to a value that conforms to this action, for example 'Allowed', 'Approved', 'Delayed', 'No Action', 'Count' etc."
        },
        "2": {
          "caption": "Denied",
          "description": "The attempted activity was denied. The <code>disposition_id</code> attribute should be set to a value that conforms to this action, for example 'Blocked', 'Rejected', 'Quarantined', 'Isolated', 'Dropped', 'Access Revoked, etc."
        },
        "99": {
          "caption": "Other",
          "description": "The action was not mapped. See the <code>action</code> attribute, which contains a data source specific value."
        }
      },
      "requirement": "required",
      "sibling": "action",
      "type": "integer_t"
    },
    "attacks": {
      "requirement": "optional",
      "caption": "MITRE ATT&CK\u00ae Details",
      "description": "An array of <a target='_blank' href='https://attack.mitre.org'>MITRE ATT&CK\u00ae</a> objects describing the tactics, techniques & sub-techniques identified by a security control or finding.",
      "type": "attack",
      "is_array": true
    },
    "authorizations": {
      "requirement": "optional",
      "caption": "Authorization Information",
      "description": "Provides details about an authorization, such as authorization outcome, and any associated policies related to the activity/event.",
      "type": "authorization",
      "is_array": true
    },
    "disposition": {
      "requirement": "optional",
      "caption": "Disposition",
      "description": "The disposition name, normalized to the caption of the disposition_id value. In the case of 'Other', it is defined by the event source.",
      "type": "string_t"
    },
    "disposition_id": {
      "requirement": "recommended",
      "caption": "Disposition ID",
      "description": "Describes the outcome or action taken by a security control, such as access control checks, malware detections or various types of policy violations.",
      "sibling": "disposition",
      "type": "integer_t",
      "enum": {
        "0": {
          "caption": "Unknown",
          "description": "The disposition was not known."
        },
        "1": {
          "caption": "Allowed",
          "description": "Granted access or allowed the action to the protected resource."
        },
        "2": {
          "caption": "Blocked",
          "description": "Denied access or blocked the action to the protected resource."
        },
        "3": {
          "caption": "Quarantined",
          "description": "A suspicious file or other content was moved to a benign location."
        },
        "4": {
          "caption": "Isolated",
          "description": "A session was isolated on the network or within a browser."
        },
        "5": {
          "caption": "Deleted",
          "description": "A file or other content was deleted."
        },
        "6": {
          "caption": "Dropped",
          "description": "The request was detected as a threat and resulted in the connection being dropped."
        },
        "7": {
          "caption": "Custom Action",
          "description": "A custom action was executed such as running of a command script. Use the <code>message</code> attribute of the base class for details."
        },
        "8": {
          "caption": "Approved",
          "description": "A request or submission was approved.  For example, when a form was properly filled out and submitted. This is distinct from <code>1</code> 'Allowed'."
        },
        "9": {
          "caption": "Restored",
          "description": "A quarantined file or other content was restored to its original location."
        },
        "10": {
          "caption": "Exonerated",
          "description": "Requires reboot to finish the operation."
        },
        "11": {
          "caption": "Corrected",
          "description": "A corrupt file or configuration was corrected."
        },
        "12": {
          "caption": "Partially Corrected",
          "description": "A corrupt file or configuration was partially corrected."
        },
        "13": {
          "caption": "Uncorrected",
          "description": "A corrupt file or configuration was not corrected."
        },
        "14": {
          "caption": "Delayed",
          "description": "No longer suspicious (re-scored)."
        },
        "15": {
          "caption": "Detected",
          "description": "Marked with extended attributes."
        },
        "16": {
          "caption": "No Action",
          "description": "The outcome of an operation had no action taken."
        },
        "17": {
          "caption": "Logged",
          "description": "The operation or action was logged without further action."
        },
        "18": {
          "caption": "Tagged",
          "description": "A file or other entity was marked with extended attributes."
        },
        "19": {
          "caption": "Alert",
          "description": "The request or activity was detected as a threat and resulted in a notification but request was not blocked."
        },
        "20": {
          "caption": "Count",
          "description": "Counted the request or activity but did not determine whether to allow it or block it."
        },
        "21": {
          "caption": "Reset",
          "description": "The request was detected as a threat and resulted in the connection being reset."
        },
        "22": {
          "caption": "Captcha",
          "description": "Required the end user to solve a CAPTCHA puzzle to prove that a human being is sending the request."
        },
        "23": {
          "caption": "Challenge",
          "description": "Ran a silent challenge that required the client session to verify that it's a browser, and not a bot."
        },
        "24": {
          "caption": "Access Revoked",
          "description": "The requestor's access has been revoked due to security policy enforcements. Note: use the <code>Host</code> profile if the <code>User</code> or <code>Actor</code> requestor is not present in the event class."
        },
        "25": {
          "caption": "Rejected",
          "description": "A request or submission was rejected.  For example, when a form was improperly filled out and submitted. This is distinct from <code>2</code> 'Blocked'."
        },
        "26": {
          "caption": "Unauthorized",
          "description": "An attempt to access a resource was denied due to an authorization check that failed. This is a more specific disposition than <code>2</code> 'Blocked' and can be complemented with the <code>authorizations</code> attribute for more detail."
        },
        "27": {
          "caption": "Error",
          "description": "An error occurred during the processing of the activity or request. Use the <code>message</code> attribute of the base class for details."
        },
        "99": {
          "caption": "Other",
          "description": "The disposition is not listed. The <code>disposition</code> attribute should be populated with a source specific caption."
        }
      }
    },
    "firewall_rule": {
      "requirement": "optional",
      "caption": "Firewall Rule",
      "description": "The firewall rule that triggered the event.",
      "type": "firewall_rule"
    },
    "malware": {
      "requirement": "optional",
      "caption": "Malware",
      "description": "A list of Malware objects, describing details about the identified malware.",
      "type": "malware",
      "is_array": true
    },
    "enrichments": {
      "group": "context",
      "requirement": "optional",
      "caption": "Enrichments",
      "description": "The additional information from an external data source, which is associated with the event or a finding. For example add location information for the IP address in the DNS answers:</p><code>[{\"name\": \"answers.ip\", \"value\": \"92.24.47.250\", \"type\": \"location\", \"data\": {\"city\": \"Socotra\", \"continent\": \"Asia\", \"coordinates\": [-25.4153, 17.0743], \"country\": \"YE\", \"desc\": \"Yemen\"}}]</code>",
      "type": "enrichment",
      "is_array": true
    },
    "message": {
      "group": "primary",
      "requirement": "recommended",
      "caption": "Message",
      "description": "The description of the event/finding, as defined by the source.",
      "type": "string_t"
    },
    "metadata": {
      "group": "context",
      "requirement": "required",
      "caption": "Metadata",
      "description": "The metadata associated with the event or a finding.",
      "type": "metadata"
    },
    "observables": {
      "group": "primary",
      "requirement": "recommended",
      "caption": "Observables",
      "description": "The observables associated with the event or a finding.",
      "type": "observable",
      "is_array": true
    },
    "raw_data": {
      "group": "context",
      "requirement": "optional",
      "caption": "Raw Data",
      "description": "The event data as received from the event source.",
      "type": "json_t"
    },
    "severity": {
      "group": "classification",
      "requirement": "optional",
      "caption": "Severity",
      "description": "The event/finding severity, normalized to the caption of the severity_id value. In the case of 'Other', it is defined by the source.",
      "type": "string_t"
    },
    "severity_id": {
      "group": "classification",
      "requirement": "required",
      "caption": "Severity ID",
      "description": "<p>The normalized identifier of the event/finding severity.</p>The normalized severity is a measurement the effort and expense required to manage and resolve an event or incident. Smaller numerical values represent lower impact events, and larger numerical values represent higher impact events.",
      "sibling": "severity",
      "type": "integer_t",
      "enum": {
        "0": {
          "caption": "Unknown",
          "description": "The event severity is not known."
        },
        "1": {
          "caption": "Informational",
          "description": "Informational message. No action required."
        },
        "2": {
          "caption": "Low",
          "description": "The user decides if action is needed."
        },
        "3": {
          "caption": "Medium",
          "description": "Action is required but the situation is not serious at this time."
        },
        "4": {
          "caption": "High",
          "description": "Action is required immediately."
        },
        "5": {
          "caption": "Critical",
          "description": "Action is required immediately and the scope is broad."
        },
        "6": {
          "caption": "Fatal",
          "description": "An error occurred but it is too late to take remedial action."
        },
        "99": {
          "caption": "Other",
          "description": "The event/finding severity is not mapped. See the <code>severity</code> attribute, which contains a data source specific value."
        }
      }
    },
    "status": {
      "group": "primary",
      "requirement": "recommended",
      "caption": "Status",
      "description": "The event status, normalized to the caption of the status_id value. In the case of 'Other', it is defined by the event source.",
      "type": "string_t"
    },
    "status_code": {
      "group": "primary",
      "requirement": "recommended",
      "caption": "Status Code",
      "description": "The event status code, as reported by the event source.<br /><br />For example, in a Windows Failed Authentication event, this would be the value of 'Failure Code', e.g. 0x18.",
      "type": "string_t"
    },
    "status_detail": {
      "group": "primary",
      "requirement": "recommended",
      "caption": "Status Details",
      "description": "The status detail contains additional information about the event/finding outcome.",
      "type": "string_t"
    },
    "status_id": {
      "group": "primary",
      "requirement": "recommended",
      "caption": "Status ID",
      "description": "The normalized identifier of the event status.",
      "sibling": "status",
      "type": "integer_t",
      "enum": {
        "0": {
          "caption": "Unknown",
          "description": "The status is unknown."
        },
        "1": {
          "caption": "Success"
        },
        "2": {
          "caption": "Failure"
        },
        "99": {
          "caption": "Other",
          "description": "The event status is not mapped. See the <code>status</code> attribute, which contains a data source specific value."
        }
      }
    },
    "unmapped": {
      "group": "context",
      "requirement": "optional",
      "caption": "Unmapped Data",
      "description": "The attributes that are not mapped to the event schema. The names and values of those attributes are specific to the event source.",
      "type": "unmapped",
      "is_array": true
    },
    "activity_name": {
      "requirement": "optional",
      "caption": "Activity",
      "description": "The event activity name, as defined by the activity_id.",
      "type": "string_t"
    },
    "category_name": {
      "requirement": "optional",
      "caption": "Category",
      "description": "The event category name, as defined by category_uid value.",
      "type": "string_t"
    },
    "category_uid": {
      "enum": {
        "1": {
          "caption": "System Activity",
          "description": "System Activity events."
        }
      },
      "requirement": "required",
      "caption": "Category ID",
      "description": "The category unique identifier of the event.",
      "sibling": "category_name",
      "type": "integer_t"
    },
    "class_name": {
      "requirement": "optional",
      "caption": "Class",
      "description": "The event class name, as defined by class_uid value.",
      "type": "string_t"
    },
    "class_uid": {
      "enum": {
        "1002": {
          "caption": "Kernel Extension Activity",
          "description": "Kernel Extension events report when a driver/extension is loaded or unloaded into the kernel"
        }
      },
      "requirement": "required",
      "caption": "Class ID",
      "description": "The unique identifier of a class. A class describes the attributes available in an event.",
      "sibling": "class_name",
      "type": "integer_t"
    },
    "type_name": {
      "requirement": "optional",
      "caption": "Type Name",
      "description": "The event/finding type name, as defined by the type_uid.",
      "type": "string_t"
    },
    "type_uid": {
      "requirement": "required",
      "caption": "Type ID",
      "description": "The event/finding type ID. It identifies the event's semantics and structure. The value is calculated by the logging system as: <code>class_uid * 100 + activity_id</code>.",
      "sibling": "type_name",
      "type": "long_t",
      "enum": {
        "100201": {
          "caption": "Kernel Extension Activity: Load"
        },
        "100202": {
          "caption": "Kernel Extension Activity: Unload"
        },
        "100200": {
          "caption": "Kernel Extension Activity: Unknown"
        },
        "100299": {
          "caption": "Kernel Extension Activity: Other"
        }
      }
    },
    "count": {
      "requirement": "optional",
      "caption": "Count",
      "description": "The number of times that events in the same logical group occurred during the event <strong>Start Time</strong> to <strong>End Time</strong> period.",
      "type": "integer_t",
      "default": 1
    },
    "duration": {
      "description": "The event duration or aggregate time, the amount of time the event covers from <code>start_time</code> to <code>end_time</code> in milliseconds.",
      "requirement": "optional",
      "caption": "Duration",
      "type": "long_t"
    },
    "end_time": {
      "description": "The end time of a time period, or the time of the most recent event included in the aggregate event.",
      "requirement": "optional",
      "caption": "End Time",
      "type": "timestamp_t"
    },
    "start_time": {
      "description": "The start time of a time period, or the time of the least recent event included in the aggregate event.",
      "requirement": "optional",
      "caption": "Start Time",
      "type": "timestamp_t"
    },
    "time": {
      "requirement": "required",
      "caption": "Event Time",
      "description": "The normalized event occurrence time or the finding creation time.",
      "type": "timestamp_t"
    },
    "timezone_offset": {
      "requirement": "recommended",
      "caption": "Timezone Offset",
      "description": "The number of minutes that the reported event <code>time</code> is ahead or behind UTC, in the range -1,080 to +1,080.",
      "type": "integer_t"
    },
    "cloud": {
      "requirement": "required",
      "group": "primary",
      "caption": "Cloud",
      "description": "Describes details about the Cloud environment where the event was originally created or logged.",
      "type": "cloud"
    },
    "api": {
      "requirement": "optional",
      "group": "context",
      "caption": "API Details",
      "description": "Describes details about a typical API (Application Programming Interface) call.",
      "type": "api"
    },
    "osint": {
      "requirement": "required",
      "group": "primary",
      "caption": "OSINT",
      "description": "The OSINT (Open Source Intelligence) object contains details related to an indicator such as the indicator itself, related indicators, geolocation, registrar information, subdomains, analyst commentary, and other contextual information. This information can be used to further enrich a detection or finding by providing decisioning support to other analysts and engineers.",
      "is_array": true,
      "type": "osint"
    },
    "data": {
      "description": "Additional data that is associated with the event.",
      "requirement": "optional",
      "caption": "Data",
      "type": "json_t",
      "@deprecated": {
        "since": "1.1.0",
        "message": "Deprecated in upgrade from ocsf-0.31.1 to qdm-1.1.0"
      }
    },
    "confidence": {
      "group": "classification",
      "requirement": "optional",
      "caption": "Confidence",
      "description": "The confidence of the reported event severity as a percentage: 0%-100%.",
      "type": "integer_t",
      "@deprecated": {
        "since": "1.1.0",
        "message": "Deprecated in upgrade from ocsf-0.31.1 to qdm-1.1.0"
      }
    },
    "record_id": {
      "description": "Unique idenifier for the event",
      "group": "primary",
      "requirement": "required",
      "caption": "Record ID",
      "type": "string_t"
    }
  },
  "category": "system",
  "profiles": [
    "host",
    "security_control"
  ],
  "associations": {
    "device": [
      "actor.user"
    ],
    "actor.user": [
      "device"
    ]
  }
}